Term	Simple Explanation
Ticker	A stock's symbol (e.g., AAPL for Apple, TSLA for Tesla)
Pipeline	The 5-stage daily cycle: Collect → Analyze → Predict → Validate → Learn
Error %	How far off a prediction was. Green < 5%, Amber 5–10%, Red > 10%
Confidence	How sure the system is (0 to 1). Above 0.7 is strong
Confidence Band	A predicted price range (low to high) instead of a single number
Band Hit	Whether the actual price fell within the predicted range
Sentiment	How positive or negative the news is
Momentum	Whether sentiment is getting stronger or weaker (0–100)
Buzz	Social media engagement — how much discussion an article generates (0–100)
Relevance	How important an article is to the tracked stock (0–100)
Surprise	An unexpected event detected in the news (earnings beat/miss, economic shock, etc.)
Magnitude	How big a surprise is (0–100). 0–30 = minor, 30–60 = moderate, 60–100 = major
Direction	Whether a surprise is positive (beat) or negative (miss)
Cognitive Bias	An irrational thinking pattern (like FOMO) that affects decisions
Bullish	Expecting the price to go up
Bearish	Expecting the price to go down
OHLCV	Open, High, Low, Close, Volume — the standard daily trading data fields
Volume	Number of shares traded. Higher = more investor interest
RSI	A 0–100 score. Above 70 = might be overbought. Below 30 = might be oversold
EPS	Earnings Per Share — profit divided by all shares. Higher = more profitable per share
P/E Ratio	Price divided by annual earnings. High = growth expected, Low = possibly undervalued
Revenue	Total income from sales before any expenses are deducted
Net Income	Profit after all expenses, taxes, and costs — the bottom line
Gross Profit	Revenue minus the direct cost of producing goods or services
Operating Income	Profit from core business operations, excluding interest and taxes
EBITDA	Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization — a proxy for operating cash flow
Income Statement	Financial report showing revenue, expenses, and profit over a period
Balance Sheet	Snapshot of what a company owns (assets), owes (liabilities), and shareholders' equity
Cash Flow Statement	Tracks actual cash coming in and going out from operations, investments, and financing
Assets	Everything a company owns that has value (cash, buildings, inventory, etc.)
Liabilities	Debts and obligations the company owes to others
Equity	Owners' stake: Assets minus Liabilities
Cash & Equivalents	Highly liquid assets like bank deposits and short-term investments
Long-term Debt	Borrowings due more than one year away
Operating Cash Flow	Cash generated from normal business operations — a sign of business health
CapEx	Capital Expenditure — money spent to buy or maintain fixed assets like equipment
Free Cash Flow	Cash left after CapEx — available for dividends, debt repayment, or reinvestment
Dividends	Payments distributed to shareholders from company profits
TTM	Trailing Twelve Months — the most recent four quarters of financial data rolled up
Annual	Financial data covering one full fiscal year
Quarterly	Financial data covering a three-month period
Horizon	How far ahead the prediction looks (short = 1-2 days, long = ~10 days)
Intermediate Prediction	A rough update made during the day as new news arrives
Final Prediction	The refined, complete forecast after all data is processed
Self-Correction	The system notices when it consistently over/under predicts and adjusts automatically
ADF Test	Augmented Dickey-Fuller test — a statistical test that checks whether a time series is stationary (i.e., its properties don't change over time). If the price series is non-stationary, the system differences it before fitting regression models to avoid spurious results
OLS Regression	Ordinary Least Squares — a method that fits a straight line through data points by minimising the sum of squared errors between predicted and actual values. Used to estimate trends, drift, and relationships in price data
MAPE	Mean Absolute Percentage Error — the average prediction error as a percentage. Used as a gating check: if MAPE exceeds a configured threshold, new predictions are withheld to prevent false outputs
RSS	A web feed format used to deliver news articles. FIN monitors RSS feeds from Google News, Yahoo Finance, Reddit, and corporate announcements
Snapshot	A saved record of a prediction and all the data that went into it